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Ning et al showed that LPC appeared to
2022-08-13
Ning et al. showed that LPC 18:1 appeared to increase insulin release through both GPR119-dependent and -independent mechanisms (Ning et al., 2008). In our study, we have shown that not only GPR119 but also GPR40 and GPR55 participate in LPC-stimulated insulin secretion (Fig. 4, Fig. 5) and target p
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Based on our results we
2022-08-13
Based on our results, we propose three possible mechanisms of HER2 loss after trastuzumab-based therapy (Fig. 3). The first possibility is a result of the differential effects of treatments on clonal subsets. In breast cancer, such selective pressure has been suggested to preferentially eradicate HE
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br Materials and methods br Results
2022-08-12
Materials and methods Results Discussion Dex has been shown to induce apoptosis in osteoblastic cell lines (MC3T3-E1, UAMS-32 cell) [24], [25]. Consistent with previous reports, we find high-dose Dex (1 or 5 μM) can induce apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 76 7 within 24 h as evidenced by Annexin V/PI
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G protein coupled receptor kinases GRKs are another
2022-08-12
G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) are another group of kinases whose limited substrate repertoire is associated with an extensive binding interface. GRKs phosphorylate activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) at multiple sites, promoting binding of arrestin proteins to mediate receptor
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These agents can be divided into three
2022-08-12
These agents can be divided into three categories based upon the therapeutic agent conjugated to the antibody; the most frequently explored are ADCs using a cytotoxic agent to be delivered directly to the tumor site. The second class has not been broadly used and consists of radionucleotides (Wong e
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Our results show furthermore that higher concentrations of b
2022-08-12
Our results show furthermore, that higher concentrations of butyric Zacopride hydrochloride additionally affect GSTP1 mRNA stability leading to a strongly reduced half-life. Concentration-dependent effects of butyric acid on RNA stability and cell signaling pathways involved in the regulation of GS
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(R)-baclofen sale Materials and Methods br Results br Discus
2022-08-12
Materials and Methods Results Discussion Activation of TLRs by damage-associated patterns is a well-recognized trigger for inflammation. TLR ligation results in a large increase in glycolytic metabolism in macrophages and other immune cells,12, 27 and we hypothesized that the glycolytic metab
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GPR is a G protein coupled receptor that
2022-08-12
GPR55 is a G protein-coupled receptor that has pro-oncogenic properties and whose expression correlates with tumor aggressiveness and increased activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade [12]. Elevated expression of GPR55 has been linked to aggressiveness in human pancreatic,
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br Discovery of GPR A The murine niacin receptor protein
2022-08-12
Discovery of GPR109A The murine niacin receptor, protein upregulated in macrophages by interferon-γ (PUMA-G), was identified as a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed in adipocytes and spleen [22], [23]. This finding suggested a role of this receptor in macrophage function [24]. In 2003, t
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NEIL interacts with many DNA replication proteins including
2022-08-12
NEIL1 interacts with many DNA replication proteins including flap-endonuclease 1 (FEN-1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and Werner RecQ helicase (WRN) through its disordered C-terminal part. One study showed that in in vitro condition, NEIL1 binds to the damaged Bikinin sale in an RPA-
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br Acknowledgments This work was
2022-08-12
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research [grant number 16-04-00205], The Russian Science Foundation [grant number 16-15-00235], Czech Academy of Sciences [grant number RVO 61388963], and the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic [grant number TE010200
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br The concept of the axo
2022-08-12
The concept of the axo-myelin ‘synapse’ Axons can release glutamate in a Ca+-dependent and independent manner (reviewed in [13,69]). Glutamate released from axons activates GluRs located in myelin, a feature that gave rise to the idea of the axo-myelin ‘synapse’ by analogy with classical synaptic
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The bioconversion of inositol from glucose was anticipated n
2022-08-12
The bioconversion of inositol from glucose was anticipated nearly a century ago and later confirmed by isotope tracing methods [[22], [23]]. This biosynthesis of inositol involves three sequentially acting enzymes: Firstly, ATP-dependent glucokinase converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G-6P) [[2
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br Introduction Ghrelin is a amino acid
2022-08-12
Introduction Ghrelin is a 28-amino cpi-613 peptide mainly produced in the stomach and small intestines with the kidneys, placenta, and pancreas contributing to miniscule amounts of circuiting ghrelin [1]. Ghrelin exists in circulation in two major forms: acyl ghrelin (AG) and desacyl ghrelin (DA
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br FXR FGF in the control of BAs synthesis
2022-08-12
FXR–FGF15/19 in the control of BAs synthesis The nuclear receptor FXR is the master regulator of BAs homeostasis, modulating their synthesis, 9292 and uptake [15]. FXR decreases BA de novo hepatic biosynthesis by reducing the expression of CYP7A1. At the canalicular membrane, newly-synthesized B
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